Harvest control rules (HCRs) are the operational component of a harvest strategy, essentially pre-agreed guidelines that determine how much fishing can take place, based on indicators of the targeted stock’s status. HCRs range from basic, constant catch strategies—under which catch levels do not change—to complicated, multistep rules that set allowable catch based on triggers.
Empirical HCRs: Indicators on which fishing opportunities are set come from one or more direct measures of stock status, such as:
Model-based HCRs: Indicators are based on models, such as:
Stock status can be represented graphically by what is known as a Kobe plot. The example below shows a basic HCR. The fishery’s ideal state is green, its cautionary state is yellow, and the state to avoid is red. The HCR has the following specifications:

Ⓒ 2016 The Pew Charitable Trusts
FACTSHEET: Harvest Control Rules; Language Options: Español 🇪🇸 • Français 🇫🇷 • 日本 🇯🇵 • ไทย 🇹🇭
Watch the latest video from @spc_cps “Developing Harvest Strategies for Pacific Tuna Fisheries” series. It breaks down performance indicators through creative examples, making the topic accessible and memorable.
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We attended a @iattc_ciat working group on mahi mahi in the Eastern Pacific Ocean last week! We discussed updating the stock assessment and an accompanying management strategy evaluation, and we're excited to see where this collaboration leads!
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April 2, 2026
HarvestStrategies.org serves as a resource for fisheries scientists, managers, and other stakeholders, compiling information about how harvest strategies work and how implementing this pioneering management approach can lead to sustainable, profitable fisheries and successful recovery programs for many species around the world. The site is managed by The Ocean Foundation’s International Fisheries Conservation Project with support from The Pew Charitable Trusts and the Common Oceans Tuna Fisheries Project, which is funded by GEF and implemented by FAO.
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